The goals of aging biology research are broad and ambitious—to understand how a multitude of genes, pathways and mechanisms at multiple scales contribute to declines in function, health and lifespan ...

Viewing protein evolution through the lens of complex systems theory may offer new insights into the principles driving biological adaptation. In this Comment we explore how characteristics such as ...

Living organisms, our planet and even the entire universe are getting ever more complex with time. “Complex” doesn’t just mean “complicated”: it means that the parts of a system interact in ways that ...